Collaborative Research: A Southern Mid-Latitude Perspective on the Last Ice Age Based on Be-10 Moraine Chronologies

Lead PI: Michael Kaplan , Dr. Joerg Michael Schaefer , Dr. George H. Denton

Unit Affiliation: Geochemistry, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)

July 2008 - June 2012
Inactive
Oceania ; South Island, New Zealand
Project Type: Research

DESCRIPTION: This award will support the collection and analyses of samples from the geomorphic record of South Island, New Zealand. The project objectives tackle the critical problem of what causes ice ages in the Southern Hemisphere, and how the observed climate changes compare with those in the Northern Hemisphere. Personnel involved come from the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University and University of California Berkeley. The investigators will work in collaboration with geomorphologists, modelers, ecologists, and glacial and climate experts, which includes scientists in New Zealand. The methods to be employed are state-of-the-art techniques in cosmogenic surface exposure dating, geomorphic mapping, and glacial modeling. The new terrestrial record of past glacial behavior, tied with secure chronologies, will provide insight into climate changes in the New Zealand and how they compare with those in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Ocean. Such comparisons will be used to test models of ice-age climate. Understanding the causes of ice ages is among the most important goals in climate science. The results will be particularly useful to the geomorphic community, as they will provide a high-resolution history of how this terrain and this part of the world responds to climate forcing.

Broader impacts include the education of graduate students, undergraduate and high school assistants, and development of junior scientists. Major findings will be presented to the staff at one of the busiest national parks in the world. The new knowledge will be garnered with scientists in New Zealand, who are developing high-resolution maps that can be used as a template to archive geomorphic and geochronologic data. The research involves international collaborations between researchers towards the start of their careers and hence will facilitate long-term relations. The results will be of interest to a variety of Earth Science disciplines including but limited to global climate change, paleoceanography, geochronology, geomorphology, and glacial and climate modeling.

FUNDED AMOUNT:

$138,149

EXTERNAL COLLABORATORS:

University of California Berkeley

WEBSITE:

https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0745781&HistoricalAwards=false

PUBLICATIONS:

Kaplan, MR; Schaefer, JM; Denton, GH; Barrell, DJA; Chinn, TJH; Putnam, AE; Andersen, BG; Finkel, RC; Schwartz, R; Doughty, AM. "Glacier retreat in New Zealand during the Younger Dryas stadial," NATURE, v.467, 2010, p. 194. doi:10.1038/nature0931

Putnam, AE; Denton, GH; Schaefer, JM; Barrell, DJA; Andersen, BG; Finkel, RC; Schwartz, R; Doughty, AM; Kaplan, MR; Schluchter, C. "Glacier advance in southern middle-latitudes during the Antarctic Cold Reversal," NATURE GEOSCIENCE, v.3, 2010, p. 700. doi:10.1038/NGEO96

Putnam, AE; Schaefer, JM; Barrell, DJA; Vandergoes, M; Denton, GH; Kaplan, MR; Finkel, RC; Schwartz, R; Goehring, BM; Kelley, SE. "In situ cosmogenic Be-10 production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand," QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY, v.5, 2010, p. 392. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.00

Denton, GH; Anderson, RF; Toggweiler, JR; Edwards, RL; Schaefer, JM; Putnam, AE. "The Last Glacial Termination," SCIENCE, v.328, 2010, p. 1652. doi:10.1126/science.118411

Barrell, D.J.A., Andersen, B.G., and Denton, G.H.. "Glacial geomorphology of the central South Island, New Zealand.," GNS Science Monograph 27, 81 p + map 5 sheets + legend 1 sheet, 2011.

Golledge, N., Mackintosh, A., Anderson, B., Buckley, K., Doughty, A., Barrell, D.J.A., Denton, G.H., Vandergoes, M., Andersen, B., Schaefer, J.. "Last Glacial Maximum climate in New Zealand inferred from a modelled Southern Alps icefield.," Quaternary Science Reviews, v.46, 2012, p. 30.

Siddall, M; Kaplan, MR; Schaefer, JM; Putnam, A; Kelly, MA; Goehring, B. "Changing influence of Antarctic and Greenlandic temperature records on sea-level over the last glacial cycle," QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS, v.29, 2010, p. 410. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.11.00

Schaefer, Joerg M. and Putnam, Aaron E. and Denton, George H. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Birkel, Sean and Doughty, Alice M. and Kelley, Sam and Barrell, David J.A. and Finkel, Robert C. and Winckler, Gisela and Anderson, Robert F. and Ninneman, Ulysses S.. "The Southern Glacial Maximum 65,000 years ago and its Unfinished Termination," Quaternary Science Reviews, v.114, 2015. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.02.009

Kelley, Samuel E. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Andersen, Bjørn G. and Barrell, David J.A. and Putnam, Aaron E. and Denton, George H. and Schwartz, Roseanne and Finkel, Robert C. and Doughty, Alice M.. "High-precision 10Be chronology of moraines in the Southern Alps indicates synchronous cooling in Antarctica and New Zealand 42,000 years ago," Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v.405, 2014. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.07.031

Doughty, Alice M. and Anderson, Brian M. and Mackintosh, Andrew N. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Vandergoes, Marcus J. and Barrell, David J.A. and Denton, George H. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Chinn, Trevor J.H. and Putnam, Aaron E.. "Evaluation of Lateglacial temperatures in the Southern Alps of New Zealand based on glacier modelling at Irishman Stream, Ben Ohau Range," Quaternary Science Reviews, v.74, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.09.013

Putnam, Aaron E. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Denton, George H. and Barrell, David J.A. and Birkel, Sean D. and Andersen, Bjørn G. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Finkel, Robert C. and Schwartz, Roseanne and Doughty, Alice M.. "The Last Glacial Maximum at 44°S documented by a 10Be moraine chronology at Lake Ohau, Southern Alps of New Zealand," Quaternary Science Reviews, v.62, 2013. doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.10.034

Putnam, Aaron E. and Denton, George H. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Barrell, David J. and Andersen, Bjørn G. and Finkel, Robert C. and Schwartz, Roseanne and Doughty, Alice M. and Kaplan, Michael R. and Schlüchter, Christian. "Glacier advance in southern middle-latitudes during the Antarctic Cold Reversal," Nature Geoscience, v.3, 2010. doi:10.1038/NGEO962

Kaplan, Michael R. and Schaefer, Joerg M. and Denton, George H. and Barrell, David J. and Chinn, Trevor J. and Putnam, Aaron E. and Andersen, Bjørn G. and Finkel, Robert C. and Schwartz, Roseanne and Doughty, Alice M.. "Glacier retreat in New Zealand during the Younger Dryas stadial," Nature, v.467, 2010. doi:10.1038/nature09313

Putnam, A.E. and Schaefer, J.M. and Barrell, D.J.A. and Vandergoes, M. and Denton, G.H. and Kaplan, M.R. and Finkel, R.C. and Schwartz, R. and Goehring, B.M. and Kelley, S.E.. "In situ cosmogenic 10Be production-rate calibration from the Southern Alps, New Zealand," Quaternary Geochronology, v.5, 2010. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2009.12.001

Kaplan, M. R. and Schaefer, J. M. and Denton, G. H. and Doughty, A. M. and Barrell, D. J. and Chinn, T. J. and Putnam, A. E. and Andersen, B. G. and Mackintosh, A. and Finkel, R. C. and Schwartz, R. and Anderson, B.. "The anatomy of long-term warming since 15 ka in New Zealand based on net glacier snowline rise," Geology, v.41, 2013. doi:10.1130/G34288.1

Doughty, A. M. and Schaefer, J. M. and Putnam, A. E. and Denton, G. H. and Kaplan, M. R. and Barrell, D. J. and Andersen, B. G. and Kelley, S. E. and Finkel, R. C. and Schwartz, R.. "Mismatch of glacier extent and summer insolation in Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes," Geology, v.43, 2015. doi:10.1130/G36477.1

KEYWORDS

geomorphic record ice age climate surface exposure dating modeling

THEMES

Earth fundamentals