Collaborative Research: Reconstructing Hydroclimatic Asian Monsoon Variability for the past Millennium from Tree Rings: Myanmar and Vicinity

Lead PI: Dr. Rosanne D'Arrigo , Dr. Brendan M. Buckley

Unit Affiliation: Biology and Paleo Environment, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)

May 2013 - April 2017
Inactive
Asia ; Myanmar ; China ; Thailand
Project Type: Research

DESCRIPTION: More than a billion people depend upon the Asian monsoon rains, but understanding the dynamics behind its modulations on interannual, decadal and centennial scales is hampered by gaps in observational data. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation, along with the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode and other phenomena, can cause severe drought and flood conditions over South and Southeast Asia, which may intensify with projected warming. The region surrounding Myanmar appears to represent a hinge line or transition between major components of the Asian monsoon, but until now has remained largely undocumented. Due to recent political changes Myanmar is now accessible to international scientists, and this team of researchers from the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution is among the first to gain such access. This research will generate multiple tree-ring records from teak and other species in Myanmar and adjacent China and Thailand that have been shown to document hydrological variability in the region. The field and analytical work will be complemented by modeling studies of the regional monsoon.

The research will provide some of the first data from an important transitional zone for the Asian monsoon, thereby improving present understanding and modeling of monsoon dynamics over the past millennium. This information is critical for future planning and mitigation of monsoon extremes. There are strong international partnerships with scientists from Myanmar, Thailand, China, and New Zealand. The PIs will host and train several Asian collaborators at Columbia University and offer research experience for undergraduate students through summer internships at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. In addition, the research will continue their outreach to inner city students from the Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics. A workshop in Myanmar on monsoon-related climatology will be conducted in the project's final year. The results of this research will be particularly and directly relevant to the welfare, food security and forest management needs of those vulnerable populations who live within the direct influence of the Asian monsoon.

SPONSOR:

National Science Foundation (NSF)

FUNDED AMOUNT:

$515,302

EXTERNAL COLLABORATORS:

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

WEBSITE:

https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1303976&HistoricalAwards=false

PUBLICATIONS:

Fang, K., H. Seppa, S. Salonen, N. Davi and R. D?Arrigo.. "A reconstruction of the Asia-Pacific Oscillation index for the past 1500 years and its association with the Indian summer monsoon.," International Journal of Climatology, 2013. doi:DOI: 10.1002/joc.3856

D'Arrigo, R., J. Palmer, C. Ummenhofer, Nyi Nyi Kyaw and P. Krusic.. "Myanmar monsoon drought variability inferred by tree rings over the past 300 years: linkages to ENSO.," PAGES Newsletter, Special Issue on ENSO, P. Braconnot, C. Brierley, S. Harrison, L. von Gunten and T. Kiefer, editors., v.21, 2013.

Buckley, B.M., R.C. Fletcher, S.-Y. Wang, B. Zottoli and C. Pottier. "Monsoon extremes and society over the past millennium on mainland Southeast Asia.," Quaternary Science Reviews, 2014.

D'Arrigo, R. and C. Ummenhofer. "The climate of Myanmar: evidence for effects of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.," International Journal of Climatology, 2015. doi:doi:10.1002/joc.3995

Hernandez, M., C.C. Ummenhofer and K.J. Anchukaitis. "Multi-scale drought and ocean?atmosphere variability in monsoon Asia.," Environmental Research Letters, v.10, 2015.

Räsänen, T.A., V. Lindgren, J.H.A. Guillaume, B.M. Buckley and M. Kummu. "On the spatial and temporal variability of ENSO precipitation and drought teleconnection in mainland Southeast Asia.," Climate of the Past, Discussions, v.11, 2015. doi:doi:10.5194/cpd-11-5307-2015

Wang, S., B. Buckley, J. Yoon, and B. Fasu.. "Intensification of pre-monsoon tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and its impacts on Myanmar.," Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, v.118, 2013, p. N/A. doi:DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.50396

Williamson, F., R. Allan, A. Switzer, J. Chan, R. Wasson, R. D'Arrigo and R. Gartner.. "New directions in hydroclimatic histories: observational data recovery, proxy records and the Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth (ACRE) initiative in southeast Asia. .," Geoscience Letters, v.2, 2015, p. N/A.

KEYWORDS

monsoon circulation tree rings monsoon paleoclimate ocean and climate physics

THEMES

Modeling and Adapting to Future Climate